РОЛЬ МЕР ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКИ В ВОСПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ ЭКСПОРТНОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ НЕФТЕГАЗОВОГО КОМПЛЕКСА

Abstract:
The article examines the role of state policy in the reproduction of the infrastructure component of the export potential of the oil and gas complex of the Russian Federation in the context of the transformation of international trade in hydrocarbons. The aim of the work is to assess the relationship between the mechanisms of state support and the state of export infrastructure, which ensures the participation of the Russian oil and gas complex in the system of global economic relations. The scientific novelty lies in considering state support for the reproduction of export infrastructure as a factor in adapting the foreign economic activity of the oil and gas complex to the structural changes in the global energy market. Using the example of PJSC Transneft, the strategic planning, tariff regulation, financing, and digital modernization of infrastructure are examined. To characterize the foreign economic changes, data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration were used, reflecting the reorientation of Russian oil exports from the European to the Asian direction. It was established that in 2024, the capital expenditures of PJSC Transneft reached 324.0 billion rubles, and the share of technical re‑equipment and reconstruction increased from 74.1% to 81.1%. It has been shown that the change in the geography of foreign markets increases the requirements for the accessibility, throughput capacity, and adaptability of transport infrastructure. An approach to assessing changes in its effectiveness, taking into account the impact on the export flow being implemented, has been proposed.