МОДЕРНИЗАЦИЯ СИСТЕМЫ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОГО ЗЕМЛЕПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ УРАЛЬСКОГО ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЙОНА: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ

Abstract:
The paper considers the key aspects of the modernization of the land use system in the agricultural sector of the Ural economic region. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the directions and tools for modernizing the land use system in the agricultural sector of the Ural Economic region based on the analysis of land degradation factors and the development of a comprehensive model for their sustainable and efficient use. In the process of achieving the research goal, the author analyzed the trends of agricultural land reduction and land degradation, including erosion processes and a decrease in humus content. The main causes of the current situation, which are institutional, technological and environmental in nature, have been identified. The author proposes a multi-level modernization model that provides for the rationalization of the structure of the land fund, the introduction of digital technologies and the improvement of the institutional environment. A set of priority development directions has been developed, focused on the formation of a sustainable and innovation-oriented land use system. Additionally, a model of interrelated financing is substantiated, ensuring coordination of budgetary and extra-budgetary sources. The efficiency assessment showed that the implementation of the proposed measures contributes to an increase in yields, a decrease in the proportion of unused land and an increase in the profitability of agricultural production with an acceptable payback period for investments. The practical significance of the research results obtained lies in the development of specific managerial, organizational and economic solutions aimed at restoring the productive potential of lands, increasing the sustainability of the agricultural sector and ensuring the possibility of replicating the proposed approach in other regions of the Russian Federation.